Galileo Galilei15 February 1564, Italian
Astronomer
Voltaire21 November 1694, French
Writer
Francis Bacon22 January 1561, British
Philosopher
John Locke29 August 1632, British
Father of Classical Liberalism
René Déscartes31 March 1596, French
Mathematician, Philosopher and Writer
Thomas Hobbes05 April 1588, British
Philosopher
Baruch Spinoza24 November 1632, Dutch
Dutch philosopher
Blaise Pascal19 June 1623, French
French Mathematician, Physicist, Inventor, Writer
Gottfried W. Leibniz01 July 1646, German
Philosopher, Mathematician
Robert Hooke28 July 1635, British
Philosopher
William Penn14 October 1644, British
Founder of the Province of Pennsylvania
John Dee13 July 1527, British
Mathematician, Philosopher
Robert Boyle25 January 1627, Irish, British
Founder of Modern Chemistry, Boyle's Law
George Berkeley12 March 1685, Irish, British
philosopher
Roger Williams21 December 1603, British, American
Theologian
Giambattista della Porta01 November 1535, Italian
Scholar, Polymath
Montesquieu18 January 1689, French
Philosopher
Alphonsus Liguori27 September 1696, Italian
Philisopher, Spiritual Writer, Theologian
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz01 July 1646, German
Philosopher
Emmanuel Swedenborg29 January 1688, Swedish
Scientist
Juana Inés de la Cruz12 November 1651, Mexican
Poet, Nun, Writer, Mathematician, Philosopher,
Jean-Baptiste Colbert29 August 1619, French
Economist, Politician
Shaykh Aḥmad Sirhindī26 June 1564, Indian
Islamic scholar
John Law21 April 1671, Scottish
economist, banker, statistician
John Amos Comenius28 March 1592, Czech
Writer, Linguist, Presbyter, Theologian,
Isaac Watts17 July 1674, British
Theologian
Giambattista Vico23 June 1668, Italian
Philosopher
Jakob Ammann12 February 1644, Swiss
Tailor
Thomas Browne19 October 1605, British
Author
Margaret Cavendish, Duchess of Newcastle-upon-Tyne1623 AD, British
philosopher, scientist, poet, science fiction
Christian Wolff24 January 1679, German, Polish
jurist, mathematician, philosopher, university
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Saint Louis-Marie Grignion de Montfort31 January 1673, French
Priest
Francesco Redi18 February 1626, Italian
Physician, Naturalist, Poet, Writer, Painter,
Robert Burton08 February 1577, British
Scholar
Francisco Suárez05 January 1548, Spanish
Priest
Jacques-Bénigne Bossuet27 September 1627, French
Priest, Historian, Theologian, Writer, Cleric,
Baltasar Gracian08 January 1601, Spanish
Prose writer
Dimitrie Cantemir26 October 1673, Romanian
Soldier
Elisabeth of the Palatinate26 December 1618, German
Philosopher
François Quesnay04 June 1694, French
Philosopher, Economist, Physician,
Gerrard Winstanley19 October 1609, British
Religious Reformer
Mary Astell12 November 1666, British
Writer, Philosopher, Feminist
James Prinsep20 August 1799, British
Antiquarian
Henry Vaughan17 April 1621, Welsh
Physician, Economist, Poet, Writer
Richard Hooker25 March 1554, British
Theologian
Henry St John, 1st Viscount Bolingbroke16 September 1678, British
Politician
Richard Baxter12 November 1615, British
Poet
William Petty26 May 1623, British
Economist
Nicolas Malebranche06 August 1638, French
Philosopher, Writer, Theologian
François Fénelon06 August 1651, French
Theologian
Bernard Mandeville15 November 1670, Dutch
Philosopher
Marin Mersenne08 September 1588, French
Philosopher, Theologian, Mathematician,
Yamamoto Tsunetomo11 June 1659, Japanese
Philosopher, Writer
Francis Hutcheson08 August 1694, Irish, British
philosopher, economist
Tommaso Campanella06 September 1568, Italian
philosopher, writer, poet, astrologer
Pierre Bayle18 November 1647, French
Philosopher, Writer, University teacher,
Sir Robert Filmer1588 AD, British
Political scientist
Antoine Galland04 April 1646, French
Archaeologist
John Graunt24 April 1620, British
Statistician
John Aubrey12 March 1626, British
Antiquary
Firishta1560 AD, Indian, Iranian
Historian
Pierre Gassendi22 January 1592, French
Philosopher, Mathematician, Astronomer, Professor,
Algernon Sidney15 January 1623, British
Diplomat, Politician, Writer
Jean Meslier15 June 1664, French
Priest
William Whiston09 December 1667, British
Mathematician, Physicist, Historian, University
Justus Lipsius18 October 1547, Belgian
Philosopher
Felipe Guaman Poma de Ayala1535 AD, Peruvian
Chronicler
Gurdās, Bhāī1551 AD, Indian
Sikh writer
Theodore Beza24 June 1519, Swiss, French
Theologian
Thomas Traherne10 October 1636, British
Poet
William Camden02 May 1551, British
Historian
Samuel von Pufendorf08 January 1632, German, Swedish
Jurist, Philosopher, Historian, University
Ludvig Holberg03 December 1684, Danish, Norwegian
Writer
Jeremy Taylor15 August 1613, British
Author
Elena Cornaro Piscopia05 June 1646, Italian
Philosopher
Manasseh ben Israel1604 AD, Portuguese
Rabbi
Philipp Spener13 January 1635, German, French
Writer
William Stukeley07 November 1687, British
Physician
Charles Hodge27 December 1797, American
Theologian
John Selden16 December 1584, British
Jurist
Samuel Daniel1562 AD, British
Poet
Joseph Justus Scaliger05 August 1540, French
Scholar
John Florio1553 AD, British
Linguist
John Tradescant the Elder1570 AD, British
Naturalist
Edward Herbert, 1st Baron Herbert03 March 1582, British
Soldier
James Harrington03 January 1611, British
British philosopher
Herman Boerhaave31 December 1668
Philosopher, Botanist, Physician, Anatomist,
Thomas Mun17 June 1571, British
Writer
Engelbert Kaempfer16 September 1651, German
Naturalist
António Vieira06 February 1608, Portuguese
Diplomat
Jan Swammerdam12 February 1637, German, Dutch
Biologist
Kenelm Digby11 July 1603, British
Philosopher
Richard Bentley27 January 1662, British
Theologian
Josiah Child1630 AD, British
Merchant