Afzal Guru was an Indian separatist and “jihadi,” who was convicted for being involved in the 2001 attack on the Parliament House of India, in association with the Jaish-e-Mohammed. He was sentenced to death, and in spite of multiple appeals for review and clemency, the Supreme Court of India upheld the sentence. Following a final rejection of his mercy petition by the president of India, Afzal was executed on February 9, 2013. His death sparked massive protests in parts of Kashmir and in Delhi, with human rights activists, eminent scholars, and Kashmiri groups claiming he did not receive a fair trial and was convicted based on circumstantial evidence only. His wife and son continue to live in the Kashmir valley.